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The Eightieth United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1947 to January 3, 1949, during the third and fourth years of Harry S. Truman's presidency. The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Sixteenth Census of the United States in 1940. Republicans gained a majority in both chambers for this Congress having gained thirteen Senate seats and fifty-seven House seats. Although the 80th Congress passed a total of 906 public bills,〔http://www.senate.gov/reference/resources/pdf/80res.pdf〕 President Truman nicknamed it the "Do Nothing Congress" and, during the 1948 election, campaigned as much against it as against his formal opponent, Thomas Dewey. The 80th Congress passed several significant pro-business bills, most famously the Taft–Hartley Act, but it opposed most of Truman's Fair Deal bills. Truman's campaign strategy worked, and the Republicans lost nine Senate seats and seventy-three seats in the House, allowing the Democrats to begin the 81st Congress with twenty-one more seats than they had had at the end of the 79th Congress. == Major events == * January 3, 1947: Proceedings of Congress were televised for the first time. * March 12, 1947: In a Joint Session of Congress, President Truman proclaimed the Truman Doctrine. * July 18, 1947: The Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands entered into a trusteeship with the United Nations and administered by the United States. * July 20, 1947: President Truman issued the second peacetime military draft in the United States amid increasing tensions with the Soviet Union. * November 24, 1947: The House of Representatives approved citations of contempt of Congress against the so-called Hollywood 10. * July 26, 1948: President Truman signed Executive Order 9981, ending racial segregation in the United States Armed Forces. * August 25, 1948: House Un-American Activities Committee held the first-ever televised congressional hearing: "Confrontation Day" between Whittaker Chambers and Alger Hiss. * November 2, 1948: United States general elections, 1948: * * Presidential election: Harry Truman defeated Thomas Dewey and Strom Thurmond; * * Democrats regained control of the Senate and the House of Representatives 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「80th United States Congress」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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